Washing machine



Nov. 19, 1940.

N. H. WATTS WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 15, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Invent. or

Noble H. Wits, y WW 5 His AtLoPneg.

Nov. 19, 1940. N. H. WATTS WASHING MACHINE Filed Jn. 15, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Invent OT Noble H. Watts 7 H Z iZ AUJQPHG Patented Nov. 19, 1940 UNITED OFFICE Application January 15, 1935, Serial No. 1,870

33 Claims.

My invention relates to washing machines of the type in which washing is effected by the oscillation of an agitating element in a tub and in which the tub is subsequently rotated to centrifugally extract the liquid from the material washed, thereby washing and drying in a single tub.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved construction and arrangement in a wash= 19 ing machine of this type, and particularly to provide an improved arrangement for driving and controlling the washing and extracting operations of the machine.

For a consideration of what I believe to be' 35 novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. l is a sectional elevation of a washing machine embodylng my invention Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 22 of Fig. 1; Mg. 3 is a diagram of the control for the washing machine; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 5-6 of Fig. i; Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the agitator and the coupling between the agitator and the tub; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 6-t of Fig. 1 and showing the over-running clutch between the motor shaft and the rotatablegear housing.

Referring to the drawings, the washing machine embodying my invention is carried on a base i provided with a down-turned skirt 2 which is supported by casters 3. On the upper edge of the base is a rubber gasket 4 on which rests the outer edge of a stationary tub 5. The tub 5 acts as the outer casing for the washing ma.- chine and the lower portion 6 provides a. storage reservoir for the liquid used in washing. The upper wall I of the base is provided with a raised portion t at the center which fits into a. complementary portion 9 in the tub 5 and supports the center of the tub. A housing i0 which contains the driving mechanism for the washing machine is carried on the under side of the wall 1 of the base. This housing is provided with a. tubular sleeve ll having an external threaded portion i2 which projects through a central opening in the walls 8 and 9. A nut i3which is threaded on the threaded portion l2 clamps the stationary tub 5 and wall 1 of the base between the nut l3 and a surface It on the upper side of the housing l0. Gaskets l5 are provided between the nut and the upper side of the tub 5, between the lower side of tub 5 and the base, and

between the base and the surface it to prevent leakage. With this arrangement, the tub 5, the base, and the housing W are clamped together as a unit.

A rubber ring it fits inside the tubular portion a ii and is supported at the bottom by an inwardly extending flange ll formed on the tubular portion ii. A cylindrical member i8 which extends through the center of the rubber ring it, has a flange 89 which extends over the upper surface of ring it. A rubber ring 20, arranged on the upper side of flange it and around the cylindrical member it, is held in place by an inwardly extending flange 2i at the upper end of nut i The lower end of a vertical sleeve 2315 15 fixed to the inner side of cylindrical member i8 and rests against an inwardly extending flange 23. The joint between sleeve 22 and member i8 is liquid-tight. With this arrangement, the sleeve 2 2 is fixed to the cylindrical member 5 d, and the rubber rings it and 2d provide a resilient support for the i0. er end of the sleeve. Rubber rings i6 and also act as seals and prevent leakage from the bottom of tub 5. The upper end of sleeve extends above the liquid level in tub 5. 25

A two-part flexible driving shaft extends from the housing it through the sleeve 22. The lower part 26 of this shaft is journalled in a bearing 25 integral with the cover plate 26 of a rotatable gear housing 2?. The cover plate 26 is secured to the gear housing 2'? by studs 28. The outer surface of bearing 25 is rotatably carried in a bearing 29 which is supported by the downturned end 30 of flange ll. Bearing 29 is lubricated by an annulus SI of "oil-absorbent material 35 which is held by plate 32 in the annular depression formed by the down-turned end 30 of the flange W. The upper part 33 of the two-part shaft is connected to the lower part 24 by a universal joint centered opposite the flange ii on cylindrical member It. This universal joint comprises a member 34 having tongues 35 at either end which extend at right angles to each other and fit in slots 36, respectively formed in the adjacent ends of shafts 24 and 33. .The 45 tongues 35 are pivotally connected to the shafts 2t and 33 by pins 31. The universal joint therefore permits motion in any direction of the adjacent ends of the shafts 24 and 33. Since a small force applied at the upper end of shaft 33 causes a relatively large deflection, the two-part shaft has a low critical speed even though the parts 24 and 33 are relatively stiff. Shafts 24 and 33 provide a flexible shaft which can deflect during its rotation to accommodate unbalance of which telescope and are secured together at bearing 5| tub is lifted 41. Holes 42 are provided in the side walls of the lower cup-shaped portion 39, and holes 43 are provided at the joint 4! through which the liquid drains during washing and during rotation of the tub 38 to extract the liquid from the material in the tub. The upper portion 49 of the tub is provided with a .central opening 44 at the top through which clothes may be inserted or removed. A ring 45 of steel or other suitable material is mounted around the upper rim of the tub for the purpose of increasing the loading on the driving shaft thereby lowering the speed at which critical vibration of the driving shaft occurs. In

the washing machine illustrated, the critical vibration of the shaft occurs at about 100 R. P. M. while the spinning speed is about 1800 R. P. M. The bottom of the tub 38 is provided with a central opening 46, the edge of which rests against a shoulder 41 on the under side of a flange 48 on post 49. A ring 59 on the under side of the tub is riveted to the flange 48 in order to secure the post 49 to the tub. The tub is supported by a ball arranged between the upper end of sleeve 22 and a shoulder 53 .formed on the inside of post 49. By supporting the tub at the upper end of shaft 33, the speed at which critical vibration of the shaft occurs is decreased. The lower end of the tub is guided during rotation about 54 which is secured to the inside of post 49 and which bears on sleeve 22. A ring 54a secured to the inside of post 49 below bearing 5|, holds the bearing in place when the of the post 49 is provided with a bearing 56 through which shaft 33 extends. With this arrangement, the tub 38 is removably supported by the sleeve 22 and is free to rotate relative to either the sleeve 22 or the shaft 33. Since sleeve 22 and shaft 33 can deflect laterally, the axis of rotation of tub 38 may shift to accommodate unbalance of the tub.

A seal, shown in Fig. 5, is provided at the upper endof post 49 to prevent leakage between the bearing 55 and the shaft 33. This seal comprises I a ring 56 fixed to the upper side of post 49 and a ring 51 which isslidable on shaft 33. Ring 51 is provided with cylindrical sidewalls 58 which are spaced from shaft are arranged between these walls and shaft 33. A metal ring 69 is arranged at the upper end of packing rings 59 and within the walls 58. A coil spring 6i arranged between ring 89 and a snap ring 62, sccuredin groove 63 in shaft 33, forces thepacking rings 59 against shaft 33 and also forces ring 51 against ring 66. The packing rings 69 prevent leakage around the upper end of shaft 33, and the sealing rings 66 and 61 prevent leakage between the shaft 33 and the post 49. Ring 62 also transmits the downward thrust of shaft 33 to the post 49. The downward thrust of the shaft 33 includes the weight of the shaft 24 which isconnected thereto by the universal joint 34 and pins 31.

The upper end of shaft 33 has a nut 64 fixed in the tub during washing.

from the sleeve 22. The upper end 33, and packing rings 69 guides the oscillating movement of the agitator.

The under side of the agitator is provided with a projection 69 which,is adapted to engage a complementary projection 19 formed on a clutch plate. The clutch plate II is frictionally secured to the upper side of flange 48 by a plate 12 the inner edge of which fits within a groove 13 in bushing 14 fixed to post 49. A nut I9 threaded on bushing 14 forces the outer edge of a concave disk I6 against the upper surface of plate 12 and holds the clutch plate H in frictional engagement with the upper side of flange 48. The clutch plate canslip to relieve excessive forces on projection 19. During washing, the agitator 88 is oscillated through an angle of approximately 180 degrees. If during this movement, the projection 69 on the agitator strikes the projection 19, the tub 38 is moved to a position in which the projections 68 and I9 no longer engage, which is the normal position during washing. The inertia of the tub prevents oscillation of the tub during washing. The slipping of clutch plate ii also assists in preventing oscillation of the tub. The projections 69 and 19 therefore provide a coupling between the agitator and the rotatable tub 38 which permits the agitator to be oscillated The tub 38 is rotated to extract the liquid from washed by rotating the agitator 66. During this rotation, the projection 69- engages the projection 19 and forms a coupling between the agitator and the tub through which the tub is rotated. This coupling is within the tub so that there is no sealing problem. Also, this coupling is readily accessible for adjustment and replacement.

During washing, the liquid level in tub 38 is maintained by a pump 11 which has an inlet 18 a vertical pipe 19 supported at the side of the washing machine. A drain plug 190. is provided for pipe 19. Pipe I9 discharges through a pipe 89 which has a depending portion 8i telescoped within the upper end of pipe 19. This permits the pipe 89 to be pivoted about the pipe 19 so that the discharge from the pump may be directed either to the tub 38 or to a drain. The pump 11 runs continually during washing and pumps the liquid which leaks through openings 42 and 43 back into the tub 38. The amount of liquid in the washing machine and the capacity of the pump are preferably arranged so that there is a continuous 38 during washing. This allows the lint which collects on the upper surface of the liquid in tub 38 during washing to flow over the upper edge of tub 38 so that it does not collect on the clothes during extraction. The upper end of the pump is provided with a tubular portion 82 around the inlet opening 18 which projects through openings in the upper wall of the base and the lower wall of tub 5. A nut 83 threaded on the outside of tubular portion 82 holds the pump in position. Suitable gaskets are'provided between the abutting parts to prevent leakage. At the lower end housing 88. The upper side of the bearing housoverflow over the upper edge of tub the material being a by shafts 8a. Pins ing 88 forms the lower side of the pump casing. The pump impeller 81 is secured to the upper end of shaft 85, and a suitable seal 88 is arranged between the impeller and the bearing housing 86 to prevent leakage around the pump shaft. The motor 84 is illustrated as a series motor having an armature 84a. and a field 84b. The motor is connected across power conductors 96 and I02 and is controlled by a switch 89, as shown in the control diagram in Fig. 3.

The power for driving the washing machine is obtained from an electric motor, illustrated as a series motor, carried within the lower end of stationary housing III. This motor comprises a stationary field member 90 fixed within the hous ing III by bolts ill and a rotating armature 92 which is carried by a shaft 93. The stationary member 90 has two field windings 84 and 95 which are wound so that the direction of rotation of the motor may be controlled necting one or the other of the field in series with the armature. for controlling the direction motor is shown in Fig. 3. In one side of the armature 92 is connected to conductor 96 which forms one side of the power supply by conductor 97. The'other side of the armature is connected to one side of iield wind ings 9d and 95 by conductor 98. The other side of field windings 9 3 and 95 terminates in contacts 99 and it respectively, which are alter-= natively engaged by a switch blade WI. The switch blade itl is connected by conductor nor to conductor 903 which forms the other side of the power supply. With this arrangement, the direction of rotation of the motor is controlled by moving switch blade itl into engagement with windings One arrangement of rotation of the this arrangement,

either contact 99 or contact mt. When switch blade lIli engages contact 99, the motor rotates in a counter-clockwisedirection.

A sleeve ifl i is keyed on the upper end of shaft 93. This sleeve is rotatable in a bearing formed by the down-turned flanges N5 of rotatable housing 27. The housing 21 at the lower end is rotatably supported on housing iii by a bearing I06 arranged between fiange Hi5 and housing it. A seal I07 arranged between sleeve H96 and cap I08 threaded on the lower end of flange i635 prevents leakage of lubricant from the housing 2'17 around the shaftv 93. At the upper end of sleeve I is a collar 509 which forms one member of an over-running clutch arranged between the shaft 93 and the housing 27. Collar I09 is provided with inclined notches H0 (see Fig. 6) in which rolls Iii rest. Ahardened steel ring I82 surrounds the collar Hi9 and is secured to the housing 21. When the shaft 93 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. the rolls III are moved to the position shown in Fig. 6, and relative rotation between the shaft t3 and the housing 27 is permitted. When the shaft 93 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the rolls iii are wedged between the inclined surface of slots III] and the steel ring H2, thereby coupling together the housing 2? and the shaft 93. A snap ring H3 is secured in a groove in the housing 2? above rolls ,I II and retains the rolls in position.

The shaft 93 projects above collar I 09, and a helical gear II l is cut in the projecting end. This gear meshes with gears I I5 on opposite sides of gear II i. Gears H5 are rotatably carried in housing 2'! by shafts I I6. To the upper side of gears H5 are fixed concentric gears II! which mesh with gears IIB, arranged on opposite sides of shaft 93, and rotatably carried on housing 2! sides of a pinion I2I which is by con-- .causes the gears M5 to gears I'Il and providev opposite ends of racks nected. Racks I are pivotally con.- I2Il are arranged on opposite fixed to the lower end of shaft 24. The crank pins II! are arranged so that the racks I20 are reciprocated in opposite directions by the rotation of gears III. With this arrangement, the oscillating movement of pinion I2I due to the reciprocation of the racks causesmo thrust on bearing in which the shaft 24 is Journaled. The reciprocating movement of the racks is guided by guides I22 having cylindrical outer surfaces I 23 which fit within a circular depression I24 in the under side of cover plate 28. Guides I22 are therefore free to move and maintain the racks I20 in engagement with the pinion I2I at all times.

In order to prevent rotation of the housing 21 when the shaft 83 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 6, a brake band I25 is provided around the outer surface of housing 27. The center of the brake band is fixed to housing I 0 by bolts 826, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The adjacent ends of brake band 525 are secured to cams IN. The cams I2? are urged toward each other in order to hold brake band lit against the outer surface of housing 2? by compression springs i 28 which are arranged between lugs i729 attached to housing m and the outer surface of the cams 11271. The cams it? are moved away from each other in order to move brake band I25 away from the surface of housing nected between conductors ti and W2. A switch blade B36 which is mechanically interlocked with switch blade iiii controls the energizing of the operating coil of the solenoid. Switch blade 93% is arranged so that when switch blade ll'ii is moved to contact 9% in order to cause the motor shaft st to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction, the solenoid will be deenergized and the springs I 28 urge the brake band 925 against casing 2? and prevent rotation of the casing. During this condition, the gear I it on the shaft 93 and M8 to rotate on the housing 27, thereby causing the shaft 26 to be oscillated by racks i213. This will cause the agi tator $6 to be oscillated in the tub 38. This driving connection is the driving connection used during washing.

When the-switch blade itl is moved to contact W0, switch blade I36 is moved to close the circuit through the operating coil I of the solemold and the brake on housing 2?! is released. When the switch blade MI is in this position, the motor shaft 93 rotates in a clockwise direction, and the rolls III of the over-running clutch are wedged between the inclined surfacesof notches H0 and the ring M2, thus coupling the housing 21 to the motor shaft. During this condition, there will be no rotation of the gears H5 and M8 on the housing 21, and the shaft 24 will be rotated at motor speed. This will cause the projections 69 and 10 to engage and thereby cause the tub 38 to be rotated by agitator 66. This driving I I I are eccentrically fixed cranks to which the housing it by a connection is used'for extracting liquid from material in the tub 38.

When the switch blade "II is returned to the neutral position, shown in Fig. 3, the operating coil of the solenoid is deenergized and the brake Iband I35 is tightened around the surface of housing 21. With this arrangement, the brake is used to retard the rotation of tub 38 after the completion of the extraction of liquid from the material in the tub.

In the use of a washing machine, switch 83 is closed energizing the pump motor 84, and a washing solution is run into tub 38 until the liquid flows over the upper rim of the tub 38. The clothes are then placed in the tub and switch blade IN is moved to contact 99 causing the motor shaft to rotate .in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 6. As explained above, this will cause the shaft 24 to be oscillated and will thereby cause the agitator 66 to be oscillated in the tub 38. At the start of this oscillating movement, the projection 69 on the agitator may engage projection I0 carried by 1 the tub 38. This will cause the tub 38 to be rotated to a position in which the projections 69 and 18 no longer engage, or will cause clutch plate II to slip and move projection III to a position in which it will no longer engage projection 69. The oscillating movement of the agitator will not cause any oscillating movement of the tub.

At the completion of the washing operation, switch 89 is opened, stopping the pump, and the liquid in the tub is allowed to drain through openings 42 and 43. Theswitch blade IN is next moved to contact I00 causing the motor shaft to be rotated in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 6. This will cause the rolls III of the overrunning clutch to be wedged between the in- 40 clined surfaces of notches H0 and the steel ring H2, thereby coupling the housing 21 to the motor shaft 93. Due to the mechanical interlock of switch blades IIII and I36, the operating coil I35 of the-solenoid I34 will be energized, and

45 the brake on the outer surface of housing 21 will be released. With the switches in this position, the shaft 24 will be rotated, and projections 69 and 10 will engage causing the tub 38 to be rotated by the agitator 66. Due to the resilient 50 mounting provided by rubber rings I6 and 20 and the universal joint between the shafts 24 and 33, the critical vibration of shaft 33 will occur at a very low speed, about 100 R. P. M. and the r tub'38 will pass through this critical vibration quickly due to the high accelerating torque of the driving motor. Due to the flexibility of sleeve 22 and the shafts 24 and 33, the axis of rotation of tub 38 can shift to accommodate unbalance of the tub. During rotation of the 'tub, the liquid in the material will be thrown by centrifugal force to the outside of the tub and will pass through openings 42 and 43 into the reservoir at the bottom of tub 5. At the completion of the extracting operation, the switch blade IIII is returned to the neutral position, shown in Fig. 3, deenergizing the driving motor and also deenergizing the solenoid I34. This causes the brake band I25 to be tightened around the housing 70 21, thereby retarding the rotation of the tub.

If his desired to re-use the washing solution which is in the reservoir 6 at the bottom of tub 5, the dried clothes are removed from tub 38, and switch 89 is closed to start the pump which will 7 pump the washing solution into the tub 38. A

similar washing and extracting operation may then be used for another batch of clothing.

If insteadit is desired to rinse the clothes which are in the tub 38, the pipe 80 is turned about the pipe 8I so that it will discharge into a drain instead of into the tub 38. The pump is then started and the washing solution in the reservoir 8 is pumped to the drain. The washing andgextracting operations outlined above may then be repeated with clear water and, at the completion of these operations, the clothes in the tub 38 will be in a' rinsed and dried condition. What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the United States is:

1. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said tube, said agitator 1 having a portion extending adjacent the bottom of the tub, a shaft for driving the agitator, means for selectively oscillating and rotating the agitator shaft, and a coupling between said agitator and said tub, said coupling being enclosed between the bottom of the .tub and the portion of the agitator adjacentthe bottom of the tub and said coupling having sufficient lost motion to permit oscillation of said agitator relative to said tub and said coupling being effective upon rotation of said agitator to cause rotation of said tub through said agitator.

2. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said tub, means extending through the bottom of the tub for oscillating said agitator and forrotating said agitator, the inner surface of said tub and an adjacent portion of said agitator having complementary portions which permit oscillation of the agitator in the tub through a limited angle forwashing and which engage upon rotation of the agitator to 'cause the tub to be rotated when the agitator is rotated for extracting liquid from the material.

3. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, washing means in said tub, a power shaft, means effective upon rotation of said shaft in one direction for operating said washing means through said shaft for causing washing in said tub, and means effective upon rotation of said shaft in the reverse direction for rotating said tub through said shaft to extract liquid from the material contained therein.

4. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said tub, a power shaft, oscillating mechanism for driving said agitator, means effective upon rotation of said shaft in one direction effecting a driving connection from said shaft to said oscillating mechanism for oscillating said agitator relative to said tub, and means effective upon rotation of said shaft in the reverse direction for effecting a driving connection from said shaft to said tub for rotating said tub to extract liquid from the material contained therein.

5. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid-and material to be washed, 9. vertical shaft, an agitator in said tub connected to said shaft and rotatable relative to driven by said sun gear, mechanism connecting said agitator shaft for efsaid agitator shaft upon gear on said carrier, said said planet gear and fecting oscillation of rotation of the planet mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the planet gear is stationary on said carrier, means causing rotation of said planet gear on said carrier by said sun gear for causing said agitator shaft to be oscillated, means positively preventing rotation of said planet gear on said carrier for causing rotation of said carrier by said power shaft whereby said agitator shaft is rotated, and means forrotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

7. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator, a power shaft driving a sun gear, a planet gear carried by a rotatable carrier and driven by said sun gear, mechanism connecting said planet gear and said agitator shaft for effecting oscillation of said agitator shaft upon rotation of the planet gear on said carriensaid mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the planet gear is stationary on said carrier, means causing rotation of said planet gear on said carrier by said sun gear for causing said agitator shaft to be oscillated, means including an overrunning clutch for preventing rotation of said planet gear on said carrier when said power shaft is reversed whereby said carrier is rotated by said power shaft, and means for rotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

8. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator, a power shaft driving a sun gear, a planet gear carried by a carrier rotatable on said power shaft and driven by said sun gear, mechanism connecting said planet gear and said agitator shaft for effecting oscillation ofsaid agitator shaft upon rotation of the planet gear on said carrier, said mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the planet gear is stationary on said carrier, means causing rotation ofsaid planet gear on said carrier by said sun gear for causing said agitator shaft to be oscillated while the shaft is rotating in one direction, means including an overrunning clutch between said carrier and said power shaft for coupling said carrier to said powershaft when said power shaft is reversed thereby causing rotation of said agitator shaft through said mechanism, and means for rotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

9. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator. a power shaft driving a sun gear, a planet gear carried by a rotatable carrier and driven by said sun gear, means preventing rotation of said carrier for causing rotation of said planet gear on said carrier by said sun gear, mechanism connecting said planet gear and said agitator shaft for effecting oscillation of said agitator shaft upon rotation of the planet gear carried by said carrier anism connecting said on said carrier, said mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the stationary on said carrier, means carrier to agitator shaft through said mechanism, and means for rotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

planet gear is coupling said said power shaft for rotating said 10. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator having a pinion thereon, racks on opposite sides of said opposite ends of said racks being connected to cranks, a rotatable carrier, means including gears for rotating said cranks, means causing rotation of said gears on said carrier in the same direction for reciprocating said racks in opposite directions to oscillate the agitator,means for holdingsaid racks in mesh with said pinion, means rotating said carrier and positively preventing rotation of said gears on said carrier for causing rotation of said agitator shaft, and means for rotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

11. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator, a power shaft driving a sun gear thereon, a planet gear carried by a rotatable carrier and driven by said sun gear, means including a brake preventing rotation of said carrier pinion meshing therewith,.

for causing rotation of said planet gear or said carrier, mechanism connecting said planet gear and said agitator shaft for effecting oscillation of said agitator shaft upon rotation of the planet gear on said carrier, said mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the planet gear is stationary on said carrier, means releasing said brake and coupling said power shaft to said, carrier for rotating said agitator shaft by said power shaft through said mechanism, means for rotating said tub from said agitator during rotation thereof, and means including said brake for retarding the rotation of said tub.

12. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub, an agitator in said tub, a shaft for driving said agitator, a power shaft driving a sun gear,

a planet gear carried by a rotatable carrier and driven by said sun gear, means includinga brake preventing rotation of rotation of said planet gear or said carrier, mechplanet gear and said agitator shaft for effecting oscillation of said agitator shaft upon rotation of the planet gear on said carrier, said mechanism being effective to hold the agitator shaft in fixed angular relation to the planet gear when the planet gear is stationary on said carrier, means controlled by reversal of said power shaft for releasing said brake and coupling said power shaft to said carrier to rotate said agitator shaft by said power shaft through said mechanism, and means for rotating said tub from said agitator shaft during rotation thereof.

13. A washing machine comprising a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be said carrier for causing washed, an agitator in said tub, said tub and said agitator comprising relatively rotatable members, said members having complementary portions which permit oscillation of the agitator in the tub through a limited angle and which engage upon rotation of the agitator tocause the tub to be rotated, means including a slip clutch between one of said members and its complementary portion for decreasing the shock upon engagement of said complementary porsaid sun gear and said carrier to rotate in unison tions, means for oscillating said agitator, and whereby said shaft means is rotated. -means for rotating said agitator: 17. In a washing and drying machine compris- 14. In a washing and drying machine, a rotating a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and, r t

I! able tub adapted to receive liquid and material material to be washed, washing means in said to be washed, washing means in said tub of the tub of the type operable by oscillation, a shaft type operable by oscillation, shaft means for os-' for driving said washing means having a pinion cillating saidwashing means and for rotating thereon, racks on opposite sides of said pinion said tub to extract liquid from the material conmeshing therewith, opposite ends of said racks- 10 tained therein, a sun gear, a rotatable carrier being connected to cranks, means for holding 10 having, a planet gear driven by said sun gear, said racks in mesh with said pinion, means inoscillating mechanism for oscillating said shaft cluding gears carried by a rotatable carrier for means, a driving connection between said planet rotating said cranks, means causing rotation of gear and said oscillating mechanism for effectsaid gears on said carrier in the same direction ing oscillation of said shaft means upon rotation for reciprocating said racks in opposite direc- 1 of the planet gear on said carrier, said driving tions, means for rotating said carrier positively connection being effective to hold said shaft preventing rotation of said gears on said carrier means and said planet gear in fixed angular refor causing rotation of said shaft, and means for lation when the planet gear is stationary on said rotating said tub-irom said shaft to extract ,dur-

carrier, means preventing rotation of said caring rotation thereof liquid from the material con- 20 rier for causing rotation of said planet gear on .tained therein. said carrier by said sun gear for effecting oscil- 18. In a washing and drying machine comprislation of said shaft means, and means for posiing a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and tively preventing rotation of said planet gear on material to be washed, washing means in said said carrier for causing rotation of said housing tub of the type operable by oscillation, a shaft 25 by said sun gear whereby said shaft means is for driving said washing means, a sun gear, a rotated. planet gear carried by a rotatable carrier and 15. In a washing and drying machine, a rotatdriven by said sun gear, means including a brake able tub adapted to receive liquid and material for preventing rotation of said carrier and thereto be washed, washing means in said tub of the by causing rotation of said planet gear on said type operable by oscillation, shaft means for 05- carrier by said sun gear, oscillating mechanism cillating said washing means and for rotating for oscillating said shaft means, a driving consaid tub to extract liquid from the material connection between said planet gear and said osciltained therein, a sun gear, a rotatable carrier lating mechanism for effecting oscillation of said having a planet gear driven by said sun gear, shaft means upon rotation-of the planet gear on 35 oscillating mechanism for oscillating said shaft said carrier, said drivin onnection being eflec-' means, a driving connection between said planet v to hold S Shaft means and Said Planet gear and said oscillating mechanism for effecting a n fi d an ular r ation wh n t e pla t oscillation of said shaft means upon rotation of is Stationary O Said r r. means releas- 40 the planet gear on said, carrier, said driving coning Said ake a d coupling said sun ge 170 a 0 ti being fiective t hold said sh ft means carrier for causing rotation of said shaft, and d i planet gear in fixed angular relation means for rotating said tub from said shaft. when the planet gear is stationary on said car- In washing machine a rotatable s i rier, means preventing rotation of said housing adapted to receive liquid and material to for causing rotation of said planet gear on said washed, said tub having a hub projecting from 45 carrier by said sun gear for effecting oscillation the bottom thereof an agitator in Said tub of said. shaft means while the sun gear is romg a portion depending around said hub to tating in one direction, means 'for rotatingsaid point adjacent the bottom of the receptaclesun gear in the reverse direction, and means-1m means extending through said hub for selectively eluding an over mnning clutch for preventing oscillating and rotating said agitator, said tub rotation of said planet gear on said carrier when and said depehdmg portion of the agitator said sun gear rotates in said reverse direction mg complementary portions within the tub for causing rotation of said carrier by said sun which a sumcient 10st motion thertbetween gear whereby said Shaft means is rotated to permit oscillation of the agitator in the tub 16. In a washing and drying machine, a rotatthrough limited angle fm'washmg which 55 able tub adapted to receive liquid and material gage upon rotation of the agitator when the tube washed, washing means m said tub of the tator is rotated for extracting liquid from the type operable by oscillation shaft means for osmaterial 20. In a washing machine a rotatable tub and illating said washing means and for rotatin to e g :aid tub to extract liquid from the material con- 2 3 2;? g lg g g sagi b g 'zfig fg figgg 3 33: 5 gfxg ia carrier operable at different times to rotate and bscillate Shh gear said agitator, said meansoperating through the oscillating mechanism'for oscillating said shaft bottom of said tub, the top of Sam tub being 85 means d z eonhectioh between ,said Planet open and free from obstructions, the adjacent gear an Osclhating mechanism for effectportions of the tub and agitator within the tub ing oscillation of said shaft means upon rotation having omplementary portions which have ufof the planet gear on said carrier, said driving ficient lost motion therebetween to permit oscilcmhechon behlg effective to hold sald shaft lation of the agitator in the tub through a limmeans and 5am Planet gear in fixed angular ited angle and which engage upon rotation of 70 lation w e the planet ea i sta on said the agitator and cause the tub to be rotated by carrier, means preventing rotation of said carrier th agitator. for causing rotation of said planet gear on said 21, In washing and drying machine, a t tcarrier by said sun gear for efiecting os ill i n able tub adapted to receive liquid and material 0 Said Shaft ans, and a coupli 30 0 4 8 o be washed, washing means in said tub, a power 75 tion for rotating the tub to extract liquid from the material contained therein.

22. In a washing and drying machine, a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, washing means in said tub, a power shaft and driving connections between said power shaft and said tub and said washing means for effecting Washing in said tub and for rotating said tub to extract liquid from the material contained therein, means for selectively rotating the power shaft in opposite directions, one of said driving connections including an over-running clutch whereby it is effective only during one direction shaft and the other of said connections being effective only during the rotation of the power shaft in the reverse direction.

23. In a washing machine, a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed, an agitator in the tub having a hollow portion extending adjacent the bottom of the tub, means for selectively oscillating and rotating the agitator, and acoupling between the agitator and the tub located within said hollow portion and between it and the inside of the tub, said coupling having sumcient lost motion to permit oscillation of the agitator relative to the tub upon oscillation of the agitator and being effective upon rotation of the agitator to cause rotation of the tub through the agitator.

24. In a washing machine, a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be Washed, said tub having a hollow hub extending 4o upward above the bottom of the tub, an agitator in the tub having a hollow portion depending around said hub, a shaft projecting upward through said hub and connected to said agitator, means for selectively oscillating and rotating said 45 shaft, and a coupling between the shaft and the tub located within said hollow portion and between it and the inside of the tub, said coupling having sufiicient lost motion to permit oscillation of the agitator relative to the tub upon os- 50 cillation of the shaft and being effective upon rotation of the shaft to cause rotation of the tub.

25. In a washing machine, a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be 5 washed, an agitator in the tub, a shaft connected to said agitator, means for selectively oscillating and rotating the shaft, a coupling between the shaft and the tub comprising relatively rotatable members, said members having complementary portions which permit oscillation of the shaft through a limited angle without oscillating the tub and which engage upon rotation of the shaft to cause the tub to be rotated, and means including a slip clutchon one of said members for decreasing the shock on engagement of said complementary portions.

26. In a washing and drying machine having a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed and washing means for agitating the liquid for washing purposes, a power shaft, a sun gear driven thereby, a rotatable carrier having a planet gear driven by said sun gear, a driving connection from said planet gear to said washing means operable upon rotation of the planet gear on said carrier, a driving of rotation of said power connection from said carrier to said tub operable upon rotation of the carrier, means preventing rotation of the carrier whereby the planet gear will be rotated thereon, and means for effecting a positive driving connection between ,said'carrier and said power shaft whereby the carrier will be rotated.

27. In a washing and drying machine having a rotatable tub adapted to receive liquid and material to be washed and washing means for agitating the liquid for washing purposes, a power shaft, a sun gear driven thereby, a rotatable carrier having a planet gear driven by said sun gear, a driving connection from said planet gear to said washing means operable upon rotation of the planet gear on said carrier, a driving connection from said carrier to said tub operable upon'rotation of the carrier, means operable dur ing rotation of the power shaft in one direction for preventing rotation of the planet gear will be rotated thereon, and means operable during rotation of the power shaft'in the reverse direction for effecting a posi tive driving connection between said carrier and said power shaft whereby the carrier will be rotated.

28. In a combined washing and centrifugal drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom to permit gyratory movement of the receptacle therein, an oscillatory washing element in the receptacle for agitating the liquid and material therein, a driven shaft having one end extending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing element and to the receptacle whereby during oscillation it oscillates the washing element for washing and during rotation it rotates the receptacle for extracting, a driving shaft at the other end of the driven shaft, a

universal joint connecting the shafts, means for selectively oscillating and rotating the driving shaft, and means resiliently supporting the driven shaft and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving shaft.

29. In a combined washing and centrifugal drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom to permit gyratory movement of the receptacle therein, an oscillatory washing element in the receptacle for agitating the liquid and material therein, a driven shaft having one end extending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing element and to the receptacle whereby during oscillation it oscillates the washing element for washing and during rotation it rotates the receptacle for extracting, a frame at the other end of the driven shaft having a driving shaft journaled therein, a universal joint connecting the shafts, means resiliently supporting the driven shaft and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving shaft, and mechanism carried by the frame for selectively oscillating and rotating the driving shaft.

30. In a combined washing and centrifugal drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the. ma-

the carrier whereby receptacle for agitating one end extending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing,

element and to the receptacle whereby it selectively operates the washing element for washing and rotates the receptacle for extracting, driving means for the shaft, a universal connection'between the driving means and the shaft, and means resiliently supporting the shaft, and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving means.

31. In a combinedtwashing and centrifugal drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom to permit gyratory movement of the receptacle therein, said casing having a bottom wall below the re ceptacle, an oscillatory washing element in the the liquid and material therein, a driven shaft having its upper end ex tending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing element and to the receptacle whereby during oscillation it oscillates the washing element for washing and during rotation it rotates the receptacle for extracting, a driving shaft at the lower end of the driven shaft, a universal Joint connecting the shafts, means for selectively oscillating and rotating the driving shaft, and means resiliently supporting the driven shaft and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving shaft, said supporting means being of such stifiness that the critical speed of the receptacle during extracting occurs substantially below the normal extracting speed.

32. In a combined washing and centrifugal drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom to permit means gyratory movement of the. receptacle therein, washing means for agitating the liquid and material in the receptacle, vertical driven shaft means having the upper end thereof extending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing means and to the receptacle whereby it selectively operates the washing means for washing and rotates the receptacle for extracting, a frame at the lower end of the driven shaft means having a driving shaft means iournaled therein, a universal connection between the driving and driven shaft means, means resiliently supporting the driven shaft means and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving shaft means, said supporting means being of such stiffness that the critical speed of the receptacle during extracting occurs substantially below the normal extracting speed, and mechanism carried by the frame for operating the driving shaft means.

33. In a combined drying machine, a receptacle for receiving material to be washed adapted for rotation on its axis to centrifugally extract liquid from the material contained therein, a casing surrounding the receptacle and spaced therefrom to permit gyratory movement of the receptacle therein, "said casing having a bottom wall below the receptacle, a washing element in the receptacle for agitating the liquid and material therein, a vertical shaft having its upper end extending within the casing and provided with driving connections to the washing element and to the receptacle whereby it selectively operates the washing element for washing and rotates the receptacle for extracting. driving means for-the shaft, a universal connection between thedriving means and the lower end of said shaft, and means resiliently supportingv the shaft and the receptacle for gyratory movement relative to the casing and to the driving means, said supporting being of such stiffness that the critical speed of the receptacle during extracting occurs substantially below the normal operating speed.

NOBLE H. WA'I'IS.

washing and centrifugal 

